Transformers are electrical devices designed to change the voltage or current of the electricity they receive, making its use more efficient and safe. There are several types of transformers available on the market, categorized by their specific function or the materials used in their construction. In this article, we'll introduce the main types.
Although transformers can be found in many places, including homes and solar installations, SACI specializes in industrial transformers. Therefore, if you are in the electrical, industrial, construction, or telecommunications sectors, this article will be very helpful in determining the types of transformers you need.
Types of electrical transformers
Power Transformers
These transformers are mainly used in high and medium voltage installations. Their construction differs significantly from low-voltage measuring transformers, as they are much larger and are usually filled with oil, unlike the resin or plastic used in low-voltage transformers.
In this classification, we will differentiate transformers based on how they modify the voltage level they receive.
Step-down Transformers
These transformers lower the electrical voltage they receive. They are commonly used in many industries to adapt the current to the needs of different equipment, ensuring proper operation. Additionally, lower currents are less dangerous, minimizing risks and accidents for workers.
Among these, protection transformers play a key role in measuring and safeguarding electrical installations, and at SACI, we offer a wide range of these.
Transformers Step-up
These transformers do the opposite, increasing the voltage they receive. They are ideal for efficiently transmitting large amounts of energy over long distances because increasing the voltage reduces the current and minimizes energy losses.
These types of transformers are frequently used in power plants and step-up substations, as well as in industries like chemicals and metallurgy, where equipment requires very high voltages.
Measuring Transformers
t SACI, we are experts in these transformers, especially those designed for low voltage installations. They are specifically designed to measure electrical parameters, such as current (amperes), with high precision. Accurate measurement is crucial for monitoring and controlling electrical systems. A key feature of these transformers is their low saturation factor (Fs<5), meaning they can handle current overloads of up to 2, 3, or 5 times the primary current rating without compromising measurement accuracy.
The main types of measuring transformers are:
Voltage Transformers
Allows high voltages in medium and low voltage networks to be measured by reducing the voltage level to a standard and safe value so that measuring instruments (such as voltmeters or energy meters) can take accurate readings.
Current Transformers
These are the most common in any electrical installation. They are used to reduce high electrical currents to lower and safer levels to enable measurement, protection and control in electrical systems.
Isolation Transformers
These transformers do not change the voltage but are used for safety purposes by creating an electrical barrier, preventing direct physical connection between two electrical circuits. This is useful for protecting both personnel and electrical installations.
They are often used in medical devices, laboratory equipment, and sensitive electronic systems. Additionally, they help reduce electrical noise, electromagnetic interference, and enhance the accuracy of precision measuring devices.
Special Sensors
Such as Rogowski coils or Hall effect transformers, which have a completely different construction and operating method but serve the same purpose as conventional measurement transformers.
Protection Transformers
These transformers are designed to protect electrical installation components. Through an external relay, they limit the current reaching motors, machinery, and other valuable equipment, preventing damage from overload. While not ideal for precise measurement due to their lower accuracy, their ability to handle overloads is much greater, managing up to 10, 20, or even 30 times the primary current, making them ideal for protecting installations under extreme conditions.
Example Comparison Table
|
|
Protection Transformer |
Protection Transformer |
|
Accuracy |
0,5 |
5P10 |
|
Safety Factor |
Fs=3 |
Fs=10 |
|
Current Ratio |
1000 / 5A |
1000 / 5A |
|
Overload Capacity |
3000 / 15A |
10.000 / 50A |
If you have any questions about which types of transformers are the best option for your business, our team of experts can help you find the right one. Contact us by filling out our form, calling us, or sending an email. We'll be happy to assist you and find the best solution for your company.